I-09-1
(woman) In today's class we'll be examining some nineteenth-century pattern books that were used for building houses. I think it's fair to say that these pattern books were the most important influence on the design of North American houses during the nineteenth century.
This was because most people who wanted to build a house couldn't afford to hire an architect. Instead, they bought a pattern book, picked out a plan, and took it to the builder. The difference in cost was substantial. In 1870, for example, hiring an architect would've cost about a hundred dollars. At the same time, a pattern book written by an architect cost only five dollars.
At that price, it's easy to see why pattern books were so popular. Some are back in print again today, and of course they cost a lot more than they did a hundred years ago. But they're an invaluable resource for historians, and also for people who restore old houses. I have a modern reprint here that I'll be passing around the room in a moment so that everyone
can have a look.
Listening download address:
كۈندە بۇرۇن ئۆگىنىپ بولغان گىراماتىكىنى قايتىلاش مەقسىتىدە ئازىراقتى كۆرگەچ ھەم يوللىغاچ ماڭماقچى. ۋاقىتىم سەل قىس بولغاچقا كۈندە ئازىراق يوللاپ ماڭاي.
1.
They are the teachers of this school.
ھەممە ئوقۇتقۇچىنى كۆرسىتىدۇ.
They are teachers of this school.
قىسمەن ئوقۇتقۇچىنى كۆرسىتىدۇ.
2.
Go to hospital
دوختۇرخانىغا بېرىپ كىسەل كۆرسىتىش.
Go hospital
دوختۇرخانىغا بېرىش ئەمما كىسەل كۆرسىتىش ئۈچۈن ئەمەس.
مۇشۇنىڭغا ئوخشاش سۆزلەردىن ماۋۇلار بار:
School, college, prison, market, hospital, bed, table, class, town, church, court.